分子印迹聚合物在真菌毒素检测中的研究进展
杨祥龙1，毛劲*1,2，程玲1，喻理1，张良晓1,2，张奇1,2，李培武*1,2
(1. 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 a. 农业农村部油料产品质量安全风险评估实验室，b. 农业农村部生物毒素检测重点实验室，c. 国家农业检测基准实验室（生物毒素），湖北 武汉 430062；2. 湖北洪山实验室，湖北 武汉 430070)
摘要：真菌毒素污染严重威胁食品安全和生命健康，建立灵敏、快速的真菌毒素检测方法至关重要。分子印迹聚合物（MIPs）具有构效预定性、特异识别性和广泛适用性的优点；作为亲缘分离介质，既可用于样品前处理，亦可充当识别元件用于传感分析，在真菌毒素检测领域极具应用潜力。首先介绍了MIPs的基本原理和合成方法，然后结合近年来食品和农产品中真菌毒素检测实例综述了MIPs在样品前处理、光学传感、电化学传感、压电传感等领域的应用研究进展，最后总结该领域存在的挑战并展望潜在发展方向，以期为MIPs在真菌毒素检测领域的研究提供参考。
关键词：真菌毒素；分子印迹聚合物；前处理；光学传感；电化学传感；压电传感
中图分类号：O657.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0258-3283（2024）07-0001-10
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2024.0192
Recent Advances of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Mycotoxin Detection YANG Xiang-long1, MAO Jin*1,2, CHENG Ling1, YU Li1, ZHANG Liang-xiao1,2, ZHANG Qi1,2, LI Pei-wu*1,2 (1a.Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 1b.Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 1c.National Standard Laboratory for Agricultural Testing, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; 2. Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China)
Abstract：Mycotoxin contaminations bring serious threats to food safety and human health, hence it’s important to establish the sensitive and rapid methods for mycotoxin detection. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) possess the merits of predetermination, specific recognition and practicability, which endow it with great potential in mycotoxin detection. As the selective separation medium, MIPs can be used for sample pretreatment and sensing analysis. This review outlined the basic principle and synthetic methods of MIPs, followed by the introduction of recent advances in the application of MIPs toward sample pretreatment, optical sensing, electrochemical sensing, and piezoelectric sensing. Moreover, the present challenges of MIPs in the application of mycotoxin detection are discussed along with the future outlook. This review might cast new insights into the MIPs-based detection methods for mycotoxin.
Key words：mycotoxin; molecularly imprinted polymers; pretreatment; optical sensing; electrochemical sensing; piezoelectric sensing
引用本文：杨祥龙，毛劲，程玲，等. 分子印迹聚合物在真菌毒素检测中的研究进展[J]. 化学试剂，2024，46（7）：1-10.
青蒿素及其衍生物纳米药物递送系统和抗肿瘤机制研究
胡晓娴，赵雨，王赟，徐晓，韩超*
（中国药科大学 中药学院，江苏 南京 210000）
摘要：青蒿素是从菊科蒿属植物黄花蒿中分离得到的倍半萜内酯，具有显著的截疟、消炎、抗肿瘤等生物活性。但其具有溶解度低、生物利用度差、结构不稳定等缺点，因此青蒿素衍生物蒿甲醚、青蒿琥酯、双氢青蒿素等应运而生，得以改善以上缺点。目前，青蒿素及其衍生物的抗肿瘤活性受到了广泛关注，并针对其作用机制展开深入研究，科学地解释了其抗癌的特异性和高效性。此外，为了提高青蒿素及其衍生物的生物利用度，还设计了一系列纳米药物递送系统，将其精准地靶向到肿瘤部位，提高其药效。总结和展望了青蒿素及其衍生物的抗肿瘤机制以及新型纳米制剂，以期对青蒿素的研究和新药研发提供帮助。
关键词：青蒿素；青蒿素衍生物；恶性肿瘤；抗肿瘤机制；纳米药物递送系统
中图分类号：R9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0258-3283（2024）07-0011-09
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2023.0850
Study on the Nano-drug Delivery System and Anti-tumor Mechanism of Artemisinin and Its Derivatives HU Xiao-xian , ZHAO Yu, WANG Yun, XU Xiao, HAN Chao* (School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210000, China)
Abstract：Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Artemisia annua L., family Asteraceae, with remarkable biological activities such as malaria interception, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor. However, it has the disadvantages of low solubility, poor bioavailability, and unstable structure, so artemisinin derivatives such as artemether, artesunate, and dihydroartemisinin came into being to improve the above shortcomings. At present, the anti-tumor activity of artemisinin and its derivatives has received widespread attention, and in-depth studies have been carried out on their mechanism of action, scientifically explaining their anticancer specificity and efficiency. In addition, to improve the bioavailability of artemisinin and its derivatives, a series of nano-drug delivery systems have been designed to precisely target them to the tumor site and improve their efficacy. Therefore, the anti-tumor mechanisms of artemisinin and its derivatives as well as the novel nanoformulations are summarized and prospected, to assist in artemisinin research and new drug development.
Key words：artemisinin; artemisinin derivatives; malignant tumors; anti-tumor mechanism; nano-drug delivery system
引用本文：胡晓娴，赵雨，王赟,等.青蒿素及其衍生物纳米药物递送系统和抗肿瘤机制研究[J].化学试剂，2024,46（7）：11-19.
超临界流体色谱-质谱联用技术及其应用研究进展
葛运程1,2，尚宇瀚1，尹磊*2, 马强*1
（1. 中国检验检疫科学研究院，北京 100176；2. 大连理工大学 化工海洋与生命学院，辽宁 盘锦 124221）
摘要：超临界流体色谱技术因其快速高效的分离方法和绿色环保的分析方法而闻名。由于现代仪器的发展，人们对超临界流体色谱的兴趣显著提升。通过超临界流体色谱分离与质谱检测相结合，使其短时间内实现高选择性、高灵敏度地分析复杂样品中的痕量化合物。超临界流体色谱-质谱联用技术应用报道数量不断增加，并且其应用领域正在迅速扩大。重点关注了近十年来超临界流体色谱-质谱联用技术在食品科学、环境、药学以及医学领域的相关研究，并分析其未来发展潜力。
关键词：超临界流体色谱-质谱；技术原理；系统结构；应用进展；分析
中图分类号：O657.7 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0258-3283（2024）07-0020-09
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2023.0654
Research Progress on Supercritical Fluid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Its Applications GE Yun-cheng1,2, SHANG Yu-han1, YIN Lei*2, MA Qiang*1 (1. Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China; 2. School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China)
Abstract: Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is renowned for its high-speed and efficient separations, as well as its environmentally-friendly analytical methods. The advancement of modern instrumentation has reignited interest in SFC. The combination of separation by supercritical fluid chromatography and detection by mass spectrometry makes it possible to analyze trace compounds in complex samples with high selectivity and sensitivity in a short period of time. The reported applications of Supercritical fluid chromatography-Mass spectrometry (SFC-MS) are on the rise and the range of employment is rapidly expanding. The article delves into SFC-MS research over the past decade, with a particular focus on fields such as food science, environmental studies, pharmacology, and medicine, and analyzes its potential for future development.
Key words：supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry; technical principles; system structure ; research progress ; analysis
引用本文：葛运程，尚宇瀚，尹磊，等.超临界流体色谱-质谱联用技术及其应用研究进展[J].化学试剂，2024,46（7）：20-28.
电化学分析测定常见食品非法添加剂研究进展
冯吕楠1，应依彤1，柴雅婷1，史丹2，王正军*1,3
(1. 温州大学 化学与材料工程学院，浙江 温州 325035；
2. 温州市质量技术检测科学研究院，浙江 温州 325052；
3. 湖南大学 化学化工学院 化学生物传感与计量学国家重点实验室，湖南 长沙 410082)
摘要：随着经济社会的不断发展，我国居民生活水平持续提高，对食物的要求不只局限于满足温饱，人们越来越重视食品安全问题，这对食品安全检测工作提出了新的需求，尤其是对食品非法添加剂的检测。随着科技的发展，电化学分析方法被广泛应用于食品中非法添加剂的检测与分析。总结了多种电化学分析方法检测常见食品非法添加剂的研究进展，主要包括循环伏安法、极谱法、电位分析法、电化学纳米传感器等，这些技术在提高非法添加剂检测的灵敏度和选择性方面具有巨大潜力。此外，还探讨了电化学分析方法在食品安全监测中的应用前景和挑战，提出了未来研究的方向，有助于促进我国食品行业的进一步发展。
关键词：食品非法添加剂;电化学分析;循环伏安法;极谱法;电位分析法;电化学纳米传感器
中图分类号：O657.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0258-3283（2024）07-0029-09
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2024.0046
Recent Progress in the Determination of Common Illegal Food Additives by Electrochemical Analysis FENG Lv-nan1, YING Yi-tong1, CAI Ya-ting1 , SHI Dan2，WANG Zheng-Jun *1,3(1. College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China；2. Wenzhou Quality and Technical Testing Science Research Institute, Wenzhou Zhejiang 325052, China；3. State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China)
Abstract: With the continuous development of the economy and society, the living standard of our residents continues to improve, people's requirements for food are not only limited to satisfy their hunger, but also pay more and more attention to food safety, which puts forward a new demand for food safety testing, especially for the detection of illegal additives in food. With the development of science and technology, electrochemical analysis methods are widely used in the detection and analysis of illegal additives in food. This paper summarizes the research progress of various electrochemical analytical methods for the detection of common food illegal additives, mainly including cyclic voltammetry, polarography, potentiometric analysis, electrochemical nano-sensors, etc. These techniques have great potentials to improve the sensitivity and selectivity of illegal additives detection. In addition, the article discusses the prospects and challenges of the application of electrochemical analytical methods in food safety monitoring, and proposes directions for future research, which will help promote the further development of China's food industry.
Key words: food additives; electrochemical analysis; cyclic voltammetry; polarographic method;potential analysis method;electrochemical nanosensors
引用本文：冯吕楠，应依彤，柴雅婷，等.电化学分析测定常见食品非法添加剂研究进展[J].化学试剂，2024，46（7）：29-37.
3D打印壳聚糖水凝胶的设计制备及其在生物医学中的应用
雷秀雪，吕永乐，王磊*
（北京科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，北京 100083）
摘要：壳聚糖水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性和生物降解性能，被广泛的应用于生物医学领域。壳聚糖水凝胶通常是壳聚糖溶液通过凝胶化过程形成交联结构。具有复杂结构的壳聚糖水凝胶不能通过传统方式制备，进而限制了它在生物医学中的应用。3D打印技术是一种先进的制造技术，可以通过设计模型和调整打印参数制备具有个性化的水凝胶支架和具有高度复杂几何结构的水凝胶，这种水凝胶可以负载细胞和药物，以加速组织再生。壳聚糖水凝胶与3D打印结合在生物医学领域具有广阔的前景。综述了3D打印壳聚糖水凝胶的最新研究进展，根据交联策略的不同，从物理交联壳聚糖水凝胶和化学交联壳聚糖水凝胶两个方向分析了壳聚糖水凝胶的形成机理，讨论了常用的3D打印技术原理，包括喷墨式3D打印、挤出式3D打印以及光固化3D打印（立体光固化成型和投影式光固化成型），介绍了3D打印壳聚糖水凝胶在皮肤伤口愈合、骨组织工程、神经组织工程和药物递送系统中的应用，并对3D打印壳聚糖水凝胶在生物医学中的应用进行展望。
关键词：3D打印技术；壳聚糖水凝胶；物理交联；化学交联；组织工程；药物递送系统
中图分类号：R318.08 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0258-3283（2024）07-0038-12
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2024.0068
Design and Preparation of 3D Printed Chitosan Hydrogels and Its Application in Biomedicine LEI Xiu-xue，LV Yong-le，WANG Lei* (School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)
Abstract：Chitosan hydrogels have been widely used in biomedical applications because of their good biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. Chitosan hydrogels are usually prepared from chitosan solutions, which form a solid structure through a gelation process. Chitosan hydrogels with complex structure cannot prepare by traditional method, which limits its application in biomedicine field. 3D printing technology is an advanced manufacturing technology that allows for the preparation of hydrogels with personalized scaffolds and highly complex geometries by adjusting the printing parameters and designing the model, as well as the loading of cells and medications to accelerate tissue regeneration. Currently, 3D printed chitosan hydrogels are still in the early exploratory stage, and 3D printed chitosan hydrogels can be a new research direction for chitosan. The combination of chitosan hydrogels and 3D printing has a broad prospect in the biomedical field. This paper reviews the latest research progress of 3D printed chitosan hydrogels, analyzes the formation mechanism of chitosan hydrogels from the two directions of physically crosslinked chitosan hydrogels and chemically crosslinked chitosan hydrogels according to different crosslinking strategies, discusses the principles of the commonly used 3D printing technologies and the applications of 3D printed chitosan hydrogels in tissue engineering and drug delivery systems, and prospects on 3D printed chitosan hydrogels for biomedical applications.
Key words：3D printing technology; chitosan hydrogels; physical crosslinking; chemically crosslinking; tissue engineering; drug delivery systems
引用本文：雷秀雪，吕永乐，王磊.3D打印壳聚糖水凝胶的设计制备及其在生物医学中的应用[J].化学试剂，2024,46（7）：38-49.
纳米材料在治理复合污染土壤中的应用与展望
刘煜莹1，魏晓贺1，何建荣1，苗欣宇*1，欧阳少虎*2
(1. 天津理工大学 环境科学与安全工程学院，天津 300384；
2. 南开大学 a. 环境科学与工程学院，b. 环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室，c. 天津市城市生态环境修复与污染防治重点实验室，天津 300071)
摘要：近年来，由于人类活动而造成的土壤污染越发严重，尤其是土壤的复合污染问题亟待解决。复合污染主要分为重金属复合污染、有机物复合污染还有重金属-有机物复合污染。目前，针对复合污染土壤的处理主要有物理方法、化学方法以及生物方法3种，但都有一定的局限性。纳米材料因其具有大比表面积、强还原和吸附能力以及小粒径尺寸等优点为土壤修复提供了新的视角，并在实践中有很大的应用价值。对此综述了纳米材料在治理复合污染土壤中的应用、纳米材料应用于复合污染土壤的修复机理以及纳米材料修复复合污染土壤的影响因素，对纳米材料在复合污染土壤中的应用前景进行展望，以期为纳米材料在复合污染土壤中的安全有效应用提供科学参考。
关键词：复合污染；纳米材料；土壤污染；土壤修复；环境保护
中图分类号：X53 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0258-3283（2024）07-0050-09
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2023.0776
Application and Prospects of Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Compound Contaminated Soil LIU Yu-ying1, WEI Xiao-he1, HE Jian-rong1, MIAO Xin-yu*1, OUYANG Shao-hu*2 (1. School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China; 2a. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, 2b. Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), 2c. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China)
Abstract：In recent years, soil pollution caused by human activities has become more and more serious, especially the compound pollution of soil needs to be solved urgently. Compound pollution is mainly divided into heavy metal compound pollution, organic compound pollution and heavy metal-organic compound pollution. At present, the treatment of composite contaminated soil mainly includes physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods, but they all have certain limitations. Nanomaterials provide a new perspective for soil remediation due to their large specific surface area, strong reduction and adsorption capacity, and small particle size, and have great application value in practice. In this regard, the application of nanomaterials in the management of composite contaminated soil, the remediation mechanism of nanomaterials applied to composite contaminated soil as well as the influencing factors of nanomaterials in the remediation of composite contaminated soil are summarized, and the prospects of nanomaterials in composite contaminated soil are outlooked, with a view to providing scientific references for the safe and effective application of nanomaterials in composite contaminated soil.
Key words：combined pollution; nanomaterials; soil contamination; soil remediation; environmental protection
引用本文：刘煜莹，魏晓贺，何建荣，等.纳米材料在治理复合污染土壤中的应用与展望[J].化学试剂，2024,46（7）：50-58.
簕欓花椒的化学成分及药理作用研究进展
区楚茵1，王丽娜1，张笑1，肖雪*2，李莎莎3,4，严诗楷1,4，金慧子*1
（1. 上海交通大学 药学院，上海 200240；2. 广东药科大学 中医药研究院，广东 广州 510006；3. 国家药品监督管理局 药品快速检验技术重点实验室（广东省药品检验所），广东 广州 510663；4. 广州中医药大学第二附属医院，广东 广州 510006；
摘要：簕欓花椒(Zanthoxylum avicennae)是我国传统中药材，在民间用作草药，有祛风化湿、消肿通络等作用，用于黄疸、咽喉肿痛、疟疾、风湿骨痛、跌打挫伤等症状。据文献报道含有香豆素类、生物碱、木脂素、三萜、黄酮、甾体、芳香族、挥发油等化学成分。目前已发现簕欓花椒具有抗氧化、抑菌、抗肿瘤、镇痛抗炎等多种药理活性，具有一定的药用价值。基于近年来公开发表的文献，对簕欓花椒的化学成分和药理作用进行归纳总结，为其日后的研究及开发利用提供理论依据。
关键词：簕欓花椒；药理作用；化学成分；抗氧化；抑菌；抗肿瘤；镇痛抗炎；免疫调节
中图分类号：TB34 文献标识码：A 文章编号： 0258-3283（2024）07-0059-07
DOI:10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2024.0011
Research Progress on Chemical Components and Pharmacological Activities of Zanthoxylum avicennae (Lam.) DC. OU Chu-yin1, WANG Li-na1, ZHANG Xiao1，XIAO Xue*2,3, LI Sha-sha3,4, YAN Shi-kai1,4, JIN Hui-zi*1 (1. School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; 2. Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; 3. NMPA Key Laboratory for Rapid Testing Technology of Drugs, Guangdong Institute for Drug Control, Guangzhou 510663, China; 4. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China)
Abstract: Zanthoxylum avicennae (Lam.) DC. is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine in China, which contains coumarins, alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, aromatic, volatile oils and other chemical compositions. It has been found that Z. avicennae possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, bacteriostatic, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory activities, which have a certain degree of medicinal value. In this paper, the chemical compositions and pharmacological effects of Z. avicennae. are reviewed to provide theoretical basis for its further study in the future.
Keywords: Zanthoxylum avicennae (Lam.) DC.; pharmacological effects; chemical composition; antioxidant; bacteriostasis; antitumor; anti-inflammatory; immunomodulation
引用本文：区楚茵, 王丽娜, 张笑, 等. 簕欓花椒的化学成分及药理活性研究进展[J]. 化学试剂, 2024，46（7）：59-65。
锂离子电池稳定金属锂粉预锂化策略研究进展
静若盈，侯果林，杨井玉，荣峻峰*
（中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司，北京 100083）
摘要:随着经济社会全面绿色转型和新能源汽车产业的蓬勃发展，人们对具有高能量密度的先进锂离子电池产生了巨大需求。然而，锂离子电池在首次充放电过程中，由于固体电解质界面（SEI）膜和不可逆产物的生成会产生巨大的初始活性锂损失，降低了电池的能量密度，严重阻碍了其商业应用。预锂化使电极材料提前接触额外的活性锂源，补偿其在首次循环过程中造成的活性锂损失，是目前提高锂离子电池首效和能量密度的最有效的手段。稳定化金属锂粉末（SLMP）预锂化具有超高的预锂容量，并且预锂工艺简单，是最常用的预锂化方法。综述了SLMP预锂化方法的研究进展，分析其优势及挑战，并对其展望未来发展方向，为稳定金属锂粉在预锂化及锂粉稳定化处理等方面的进一步研究提供思路和启发，为提高锂离子电池的首次库伦效率和能量密度提供参考。
关键词：锂离子电池；负极；预锂化；稳定金属锂粉；锂损失
中图分类号：TM912 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0258-3283(2024)07-0066-09
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2024.0125
Research Progress on Prelithiation Strategies for Stable Metal Lithium Powder in Lithium-ion Batteries JING Ruo-ying, HOU Guo-lin, YANG Jing-yu, RONG Jun-feng* （Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd, Beijing 100083）
Abstract: As the economy and society undergo a comprehensive green transformation and the new energy vehicle industry experiences vigorous growth, there arises a significant demand for advanced lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density. However, during the initial charge-discharge process of LIBs, substantial initial lithium loss occurs due to the formation of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film and irreversible products, leading to a reduction in the energy density of the battery and posing a severe hindrance to its commercial applications. Pre-lithiation, involving the early exposure of electrode materials to additional active lithium sources to offset the active lithium loss incurred during the first cycle, stands as the most effective means to enhance the initial coulombic efficiency(ICE) and energy density of LIBs. Notably, stabilized lithium metal powder (SLMP) pre-lithiation exhibits an ultra-high pre-lithiation capacity and a straightforward pre-lithiation process, rendering it the most commonly employed pre-lithiation method. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress in SLMP pre-lithiation methods, conducts an analysis of their advantages and challenges, and offers insights into future development directions. The paper aims to provide guidance and inspiration for further research on stabilizing lithium metal powder in pre-lithiation and lithium powder stabilization treatments, and to serve as a reference for enhancing the ICE and energy density of LIBs.
Key words：lithium-ion battery (LIB); anode; prelithiation; stable lithium metal powder (SLMP) ; lithium-ion loss
引用本文：静若盈，侯果林，杨井玉，等. 锂离子电池稳定金属锂粉预锂化策略研究进展[J].化学试剂，2024，46（7）：66-74。
聚合物胶束体内命运分析技术的研究进展
于璐瑶1，刘美辰1，郭莹霞1，尤建嵩2，史美云*1，尹磊*1
(1. 大连理工大学 化工海洋与生命学院，辽宁 盘锦 124221； 2. 艾美诚信生物制药有限公司，辽宁 大连 116600)
摘要：聚合物胶束 (PMs) 是研究非常广泛的纳米给药系统。它是由两亲性聚合物组成的自聚集纳米颗粒，这些聚合物在临界胶束浓度 (CMC) 以下以单分子形式存在于溶液中，在CMC以上则会自组装形成胶束。相对于其他纳米载体，PMs具有独特的性质：相对较小的尺寸，疏水性核对疏水性化合物具有良好溶解性，亲水性壳能延长药物在血液的循环时间。对PMs体内时空命运的未知，使得PMs从实验室设计到临床应用的成功转化仍然面临重大挑战。目前，一系列分析测试技术已经开发出来用于揭示PMs的体内命运，包括放射性示踪，荧光共振能量转移 (FRET)、聚集诱导发射 (AIE)、聚集荧光猝灭 (ACQ)、液质联用 (LC-MS)，透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 等。主要叙述了一系列分析技术在PMs体内命运研究中的进展。
关键词：聚合物胶束；体内命运；荧光生物成像；分析技术；研究进展
中图分类号：O65 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0258-3283（2024）07-0075-10
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2023.0845
Advances of Analytical Technologies for Studying in Vivo Fate of Polymeric Micelles YU Lu-yao1, LIU Mei-chen1, GUO Ying-xia1, YOU Jian-song2, SHI Mei-yun*1, YIN Lei*1 (1. School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning, 124221, China; 2. Aim Honesty Biopharmaceutical Co. LTD, Dalian 116600, China)
Abstract：Polymer micelles (PMs) are extensively studied nano delivery systems consisting of amphiphilic polymers that form self-aggregating nanoparticles. These nanoparticles exist as individual molecules in solution below a critical micelle concentration (CMC), but self-assemble into micelles above this threshold. PMs possess numerous advantages just like relatively small size, hydrophobic cores that promote the solubility of hydrophobic compounds, and hydrophilic shells that enhance drug delivery in the bloodstream. However, the transition of PMs from laboratory development to clinical application is challenged by the unknown spatiotemporal fate of PMs in vivo. To address this challenge, several analytical assays have been developed to reveal the in vivo fate of PMs such as radiotracking, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), aggregation-induced emission (AIE), aggregation fluorescence burst (ACQ), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and other analytical techniques.This article mainly describes the progress of these analytical techniques in the study of the in vivo fate of PMs.
Key words：polymer micelles, in vivo fate, fluorescence bioimaging, analytical techniques, research progress
引用本文：于璐瑶，刘美辰，郭莹霞，等. 聚合物胶束体内命运分析技术的研究进展[J]. 化学试剂，2024，46（7）：75-84.
以数字化转型加快发展化学试剂行业新质生产力
王刚1，王凤成1，顾奇2，李诗怡2，顾璇*1
（1.国药集团化学试剂有限公司，上海，200002；2.国药控股上海生物医药有限公司，上海，201611）
摘要：当今时代，数字经济成为各行各业激发创新活力、推动高质量发展的新引擎。国内化学试剂行业作为一个传统的产业，数字化转型面临着多方面的迫切压力，需要加快步伐进行信息化改造、智能化升级，通过数实融合推动全要素生产效率提升，形成新质生产力推动化学试剂行业高质量发展的新实践。加快数字化转型，对数据治理、科研管理、安全管理、供应链管理等诸多环节进行全方位、多角度、全链条的改造，实现化学试剂企业的数字化、智能化发展，并不断延伸、影响整个化学试剂行业，不断释放数字化经济对于行业发展的倍增效应，是传统化学试剂行业实现转型变革的重要途径，也是推动化学试剂行业高质量发展、加快发展化学试剂行业新质生产力的必由之路。
关键词：化学试剂；数字化转型；高质量发展；新质生产力
中图分类号： 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0258-3283（2024）07-0085-06
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2024.0276
Accelerating the Development of New Quality Productivity in the Chemical Reagent Industry through Digital Transformation Wang Gang1, Wang Feng-cheng1,GU Qi2, LI Shi-yi2, GU Xuan*1 (1.Sinopharm Chemical ReagentCo., Ltd, Shanghai 200002; 2. Shanghai Hongqiao Biology Medicine Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201611)
Abstract: In today's world, the digital economy has become a new engine to stimulate innovation and promote high-quality development in all industries. As a traditional industry, the domestic chemical reagent industry is facing urgent pressure from many aspects in its digital transformation. It needs to accelerate the pace of information technology transformation, intelligent upgrading, and promote the improvement of all-factor production efficiency through the integration of digital and reality, forming new quality productive forces to promote the high-quality development of the chemical reagent industry. Accelerating digital transformation, carrying out all-round, multi-angle, full-chain transformation of data management, scientific research management, security management, supply chain management and many other links, realizing the digital and intelligent development of chemical reagent enterprises, continuously expanding and influencing the whole chemical reagent industry, and continuously releasing the multiplier effect of the digital economy on the industry development, is an important way to achieve the transformation and change of the traditional chemical reagent industry. It is also the only road leading to the high-quality development of the chemical reagent industry, and accelerating the development of new quality productive forces in the chemical reagent industry.
Key words:chemical reagents;digital transformation;high-quality development;new quality productive forces
引用本文：王刚，王凤成，顾奇，等. 以数字化转型加快发展化学试剂行业新质生产力[J].化学试剂，2024，46（7）：85-90.
基于动态配气技术的气体标准物质研制进展
韩中杰，刘沂玲，郝静坤，谢聪慧，李秀丽，王德发*
(中国计量科学研究院，北京 100029)
摘要：气体标准物质作为气体成分测量的计量标准，在气体检测中具有不可或缺的重要作用。而如何制备高精度、量值准确、种类多样的气体标准物质，一直是气体计量研究工作中的挑战重点和热门领域。经过多年的发展，在气体标准物质的生产中，目前常用的配气方法分为静态法和动态法两种。其中静态法由于其自身原理缺陷存在一定的应用限制。与静态配气法相比，动态配气法能够在更宽的浓度范围内产生更大数量的气体标准物质，且具有消除容器管壁吸附等优势，目前在气体标准物质配制中的势头强劲。针对目前常见的动态配气技术从配气原理以及目前在气体计量工作中的研究进展两个方面进行了系统的总结阐述，希望能对相关专业从业者以及不同领域的科研工作者将气体标准物质动态配气技术运用于实际工作提供参考。
关键词：计量学；配气方法；动态配气；溯源方法；标准物质
中图分类号：O65 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0258-3283（2024）07-0091-09
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2023.0736
Development of Gas Reference Materials Based on Dynamic Generation Technology HAN Zhong-jie, LIU Yi-ling, HAO Jing-kun, XIE Cong-hui, LI Xiu-li, WANG De-fa* (National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China)
Abstract：As the metrology standards for gas composition measurements, gas reference materials play an indispensable and important role in gas detection. How to prepare high-precision, accurate, and diverse gas reference materials has always been a challenging and hot field in gas metrology research. After years of development, the commonly used preparation methods in the gas reference materials production are divided into static method and dynamic method. The static method has certain application limitations due to its inherent principle defects. Compared with the static generation method, the dynamic generation method can produce larger amount of gas reference materials within a wider concentration range, and has the advantages of eliminating container wall adsorption. Currently, it has a strong momentum in the preparation of gas reference materials. Based on the research situation, this article systematically summarizes and elaborates on the commonly used dynamic generation technology from two aspects: generation principles and current research progress in gas measurement works. It is hoped that it can provide reference for relevant professional practitioners and scientific researchers in different fields to apply dynamic generation technology of gas reference materials in practical works.
Key words：metrology; preparation method of gas mixture; dynamic generation of gas mixture; traceability methods; reference materials
引用本文：韩中杰，刘沂玲，郝静坤，等. 基于动态配气技术的气体标准物质研制进展[J]. 化学试剂，2024，46（7）：91-99.
废旧聚烯烃塑料解聚直接制化学品技术研究进展
黄礼智1a，段百超2，曹忠2，王路辉*1
（1. 浙江海洋大学 a.浙江省石油化工环境污染控制重点实验室，b. 临港石油天然气储运技术国家地方联合工程研究中心，浙江 舟山 316022；2. 浙江石油化工有限公司，浙江 舟山 316299）
摘要：塑料产量的增加以及废旧塑料的不当处理使得塑料垃圾的堆积问题愈发严重。废旧聚烯烃塑料的资源化利用是实现高价值回收和解决环境问题的主要途径，并已受到广泛的关注。通过将废旧聚烯烃解聚，长链烃的碳碳键断裂并得到短链烃的化合物是实现废旧聚烯烃塑料高效资源化利用的手段之一，并已取得不错进展。总结了近年来为解聚废旧聚乙烯和聚丙烯塑料而开发的催化剂，鉴于目前解聚反应催化剂昂贵、失活现象严重、产品的选择性较低等问题，希望为未来催化剂的开发提供研究基础。
关键词：聚烯烃；废旧塑料；解聚反应；催化剂；活性位
中图分类号：X705 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0258-3283（2024）0100-08
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2024.0168
Research Progress on Direct Chemical Conversion Technology of Waste Polyolefin Plastics Depolymerization HUANG Li-zhi1a，DUAN Bai-chao2，CAO Zhong2，WANG Lu-hui*1 (1.a.Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Control, b. National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Harbor Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation Technology,Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China; 2. Zhejiang Petroleum&Chemical Co.,Ltd., Zhoushan, 316299, China)
Abstract：Increase in plastic production and the improper treatment of waste plastics are exacerbating the accumulation of plastic waste. Utilizing waste polyolefin plastics as resources is the primary approach to achieve high-value recycling and address environmental issues, garnering widespread attention. Depolymerizing waste polyolefins, breaking the carbon-carbon bonds of long-chain hydrocarbons, and obtaining short-chain hydrocarbon compounds constitute one of the methods for efficiently utilizing waste polyolefin plastics, and significant progress has been made in this regard. This paper summarizes the catalysts developed in recent years for the depolymerization of waste polyethylene and polypropylene plastics. Given the challenges posed by expensive depolymerization catalysts, severe deactivation, and low product selectivity, this research aims to lay the groundwork for the future development of catalysts.
Keywords：polyolefin; waste plastics; depolymerization reaction; catalyst; active site
引用本文：黄礼智，段百超，曹忠，等. 废旧聚烯烃塑料解聚直接制化学品技术研究进展[J]. 化学试剂，2024，46（7）：100-107.
硬脂酸改性纳米递送系统递送药物的研究进展
皮雨廷1,2，徐山根2，栾庆爽2，张启鸿2，于天飞*1，赵凯*1,2
（1. 齐齐哈尔大学 生命科学与农林学院，黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 161000；2. 台州学院 生命科学学院 浙江省植物进化生态学与保护重点实验室 台州市生物医药与高端剂型重点实验室，浙江 台州 318000）
摘要：近年来，纳米技术在生物医学中的应用发展迅猛，尤其在药物递送领域取得了巨大进展。基于纳米材料开发的新型纳米递送系统具有提高药物生物利用度和降低药物不良反应等优点，在生物医药领域具有重要的应用价值。作为一种天然的脂肪酸，硬脂酸具有提高药物肿瘤靶向和抗酸降解等多重作用，硬脂酸的接枝修饰可有效提高难溶性药物生物利用度，在药物治疗方面具有广泛的应用前景。将对硬脂酸修饰纳米递送系统材料在靶向肿瘤、神经系统疾病和炎症疾病治疗等方面的研究进行总结，以期为纳米递送系统在药物治疗的深入研究和应用提供参考。
关键词：纳米递送系统；药物递送；硬脂酸；治疗；靶向
中图分类号：Q813 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0258-3283（2024）07-0108-07
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2023.0797
Research Progress on Stearic Acid-Modified Nano-Delivery Systems for Drug Delivery Pi Yu-ting1,2, Xu Shan-gen 2, LUAN Qing-shuang2, ZHANG Qi-hong2, Yu Tian-fei*1, Zhao Kai *1,2 （1.College of Life Sciences and Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar university, Qiqihar 161000, China；2. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou Key Laboratory of Biomedicine and Advanced Dosage Forms, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China）
Abstract：In recent years, the application of nanotechnology in biomedicine has developed rapidly, especially in the field of drug delivery. New nanodrug delivery systems developed form nanomaterials offer enhanced drug bioavailability and reduced adverse drug reactions , holding significant value in the biomedicine field. As a natural fatty acid, stearic acid has multiple functions such as improving tumor targeting and resisting acid degradation. Graft modification of stearic acid can effectively improve the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs and has broad application prospects in drug therapy. This article will summarize the research on stearic acid-modified nano drug delivery system materials in the treatment of tumors, neurological diseases and inflammatory diseases, and provide reference for in-depth research and application of nano drug delivery systems in drug treatment.
Key words：nanodrug delivery system; drug delivery; stearic acid; treatment; targeting
引用本文：皮雨廷，徐山根，栾庆爽，等. 硬脂酸改性纳米递送系统递送药物的研究进展[J]. 化学试剂，2024, 46（7）：108-114
